7/8

-For a layer, never paint on the original. you should always create a new layer
-Anti-Aliasing: when something appears to be there that isn't. This takes away things that are false.

types of files:
- psd- layers
- jpg- compress files so its smaller; used in web
- tif- lossless; doesn't lose quality and is very stable

Levels:
-cursor on left moved to right= darker
-cursor on right moved to left= lighter
-middle cursor should be in between two cursors after they were adjusted

Thickening and Filling Lines:
-Filter
-Other
-maximum= thins
-minimum= thickens

-left and right bracket keys adjust size of brush

Blending:
-layers pallette
-multiply
*when colorizing, make sure you do it on a new layer*
________________________________________________________________

7/9

Printing In Photoshop

Turn Constraint Proportions on almost always
Set Frame to Full 8’10”
Portrait
Landscape
If photo frame is set to portrait then the height will be larger than width
Example: 8’10”
If photo frame is set to landscape the width will be larger than the height
Example: 10’8”

1st Set of Printing Steps:
Go To Image Menu
Click on Image Size
Change Document Size in Image box under document size
If height or width goes beyond 8’10” determine whether you are willing to loose a
portion of picture due to automatic cropping.
Cropping--Cropping refers to the removal of the outer parts of an image to
improve framing, accentuate subject matter or change aspect ratio. Depending
on the application, this may be performed on a physical photograph, artwork
or film footage, or achieved digitally using image editing software.
You do not have to resample the image if you have enough resolution.
Resolution--Resolution is the term used to describe the number of dots, or
pixels, used to display an image.

Enlarging image without resample causes resolution to go down
Shrink Image without resample causes resolution to go up
If resolution is 300 or above it is good
You don’t have to use resample if your width and height do not produce a resolution
under 300.

2nd Set of Printing Steps

Click on File Menu
Click on Page Set Up
Choose Landscape or Portrait
Choose Format for Printer
Click OK
Click on File Menu
Click on Print (Set up Calibration)
Go to Color Handling
Choose Photoshop Manages Colors
Go to Printer Profile
Choose Printer
Under Rendering Intent Click on Relative Colorimetric
Color gamut--The entire range of colors available on a particular device such
as a monitor or printer.

Before Printing:
Check on Resolution and print size
Paper
Page Set Up
Check to see if proper printer and page orientation is chosen
Choose Photoshop as color manager

Troubleshooting:
Merge Layers
Image Duplicate
Merge Layer Box
Lower pixels
Change Image Size

Troubleshooting Photoshop:
Go to Select menu and Deselect
When you accidentally selected something
Check to see if you are working on the correct layer
Turn eye icon on or off to methodically check to see if layers are what you think
they are
Check blending modes
One mode on the layer
The other on control for brushes
Reset tools
Hold down control key and click on brush on tool bar which resets tools.
Google instruction to reset Photoshop to its original defaults
Use when you are desperate
Create a copy of your file and merge all layers or flatten Image

Five Elements of Art:
Design Principle
Color
Unity
Harmony
Triadic colors are high-energy colors that are found by choosing three colors that are separated by 120 degrees on the color wheel.
Colors in the color wheel are equidistant
Analogous colors are a palette of compatible color combinations that blend
well together. They are neighbors on the color wheel.
Analogous colors take up half the color wheel (warm colors)
Use analogous colors to arrive at unity
Mono Chromatic-One Color

Repeated
Symmetry is what occurs when one side of something balances out or mirrors the other.
To get rid of Bilateral Symmetry use odd # of objects in work.
Colors opposite each other in the color wheel are comlinebtart

Tips for successful art work:
Overlap objects to increase a sense of depth or space
Thoroughly develop intent
Split Compliment
(Black and Yellow contrast --due to saturation)

Tips on creating interesting piece

Vary the weight or density of strength
Cropping or bleeding
Let image run off page so that piece doesn’t float
Lead Eye around in a 'Z' shaped pattern.
________________________________________________________________

7/13

Scanning oversized images:

Scan all the parts of your image. When scanning, keep the image as straight as possible and get as much overlap between the parts as possible. For each subsequent scan, use the exact same adjustment and resolution settings used for your first scan.

In Photoshop, create a new RGB white-background document with slightly larger dimensions than your original image. Be sure to use the same resolution you scanned at. Open the first scan, select the entire canvas with Command/Ctrl-A, and copy it to clipboard. Close the first scan, paste the clipboard contents into a new layer of your document, and name the new layer Scan 1. Open the second scan, select the entire canvas, copy, close, paste into a new layer, and name it Scan 2. ETC. Use the Move tool (V) to roughly position the layers. To make the positioning easier, set the opacity of the top layer to 50%.When the image is aligned properly –it looks sharper.

There will be some slight seams showing due to color variations from the scanner. Use the eraser tool to conceal the seams. Select the eraser tool, then choose a fairly large, soft brush from the brushes palette, and set the eraser opacity to 50%. With the top layer selected, drag your eraser brush along the seam using a series of small strokes to erase away the seam and reveal the underlying layer. By hiding the underlying layer, you can see the results of your work with the eraser. You can hide and unhide layers by clicking the eyeball next to the layer in the layers palette. After you are done with seems, crop and flatten the final image.

Tips for successful artwork:
Divide canvas in 1/3 rather than 1/2.
Create areas of interest
Vary angles, use 2 point perspective
Overlap , preferably more than 1 color(shade)

When Using Type consider:
Contrast –light/dark, texture/flat (avoid using Type and background from the same group)
b) Use adequate negative space

Light colors: Yellow, Orange
Medium colors: Green, Red
Dark colors: Purple, Blue
________________________________________________________________

7/14

To make a selection go to the lasso tool and draw over the image you want, return as close as you to your starting point
Hold down the shift key to add to the selection (tip: start inside selection)
Hold down the alt/opt key to subtract from it (tip: start outside selection)

Magic wand- selects areas with similar colors and values
The tolerance is determines how sensitive it is to similar colors
Tip: sometimes its easier to select the background, and afterwards you can invert it
You can use the shift to add to it
You might want to use the lasso tool to touch up some areas
If you have fringe- can set the blend mode to darken or, if it is still selected- you can go to select-modify-contract and after, you might want to feather it, or you can go to select-refine edge

You can use content aware scale to better scale the image
If the image is too big, and is off screen and you know you don’t want any part of what is off screen- you can crop the layer to get rid of it

Quick select tool- works like a brush. Loosely brush in areas you want to select and then refine it by making the brush smaller and using the shift and alt/opt keys to add and subtract from it

To make a circle- click opt-shift and click in the middle of the circle and enlarge it and use cursor to fine tune it

To change a specific color- go to hue/saturation and change master to the color you are changing.
________________________________________________________________

7/16

A "clipping mask" is a layer that gets its transparency from the layer below it. To create clipping mask: OPTION + click two layers.

Gradients:

The first two options of gradients are "Foreground to transparent" and "foreground to background". In foreground to background, the color of your main selected color appears on one side of the selected area and fades to clear as it extends to the opposite side. Foreground to background has a similar effect, but instead of the main color fading to nothing, it fades into whatever color is selected in the secondary color box.

In addition, there are many other effects that can be done using gradients. You can also choose how they shape (circle in, circle out, left to right, etc). Custom gradients can be made and adjusted by moving the mini squares below the bar on the color scheme. Colors could also be added or removed, gradients are not limited to just two colors. For example say you want to create a red, white, and blue:

1) Double-click the gradient on the tool bar to bring you to the settings
2) Click on the boxes to make them each a shade of two of the colors
3) click an empty box to put in the third color
4) Adjust them to whatever seems fitting by moving them on the bar (maybe making them evenly spread apart, or maybe more or less of one color than the others)
5) The custom gradiant should be ready to use